Adults with mild TBI had larger PIQ and VIQ impairments in the chronic phase than children (Qs≥5.21, Ps≤.02), while children with severe TBI had larger FSIQ and VIQ impairments than adults (Qs≥4.40, Ps≤.04). In the chronic phase, FSIQ impairments were small for patients with mild or moderate TBI (ds = -0.37 and -0.19, Ps≤.008) and large for patients with severe TBI (d=-0.80, P<.001). Results In the subacute phase, FSIQ impairments were absent for patients with mild TBI, medium-sized for patients with moderate TBI (d=-0.61, P<.001) and large for patients with severe TBI (d=-1.09, P<.001). Meta-regressions explored prognostic values of age and injury severity measures for intelligence impairments. Full scale IQ (FSIQ), performance IQ (PIQ) and verbal IQ (VIQ) impairments were quantified (Cohen’s d) for patients with mild, moderate and severe TBI in the subacute phase of recovery and the chronic phase. Methods Electronic database search identified 81 relevant peer-reviewed articles encompassing 3,890 patients. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify intelligence impairments after TBI and to determine the value of age and injury severity in the prognosis of TBI. Background Worldwide, 54-60 million individuals sustain traumatic brain injury (TBI) each year.
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